What is defined as a disability characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior?

The definition of a disability characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior is known as intellectual disability. This term refers to a condition where an individual has below-average cognitive ability, as well as challenges in adaptive behavior, which includes skills necessary for daily living, such as communication, self-care, and social skills. Intellectual disability is typically diagnosed when the individual exhibits significant limitations in both intellectual functioning, which is usually determined through standardized IQ tests, and adaptive behavior, assessed through various developmental scales and observations.

In educational and clinical settings, recognizing the characteristics of intellectual disability is essential for appropriate interventions, individualized education plans (IEPs), and support services tailored to the individual's needs. This understanding facilitates creating environments where individuals with intellectual disabilities can thrive and reach their potential.